Pepper Growing Guide
Capsicum annuum
Peppers, whether sweet or hot, are a rich source of nutrients. Hot peppers, in particular, contain capsaicin, which can boost metabolism and reduce inflammation.
Key Information
- Days to Maturity: Based on transplanting date and indicates when green fruit is ready for harvest.
- Nutritional Highlights: Peppers are nutrient-packed, with hot varieties offering the added benefits of capsaicin.
Cultivation Tips
- Soil Requirements:
- Grow in composted, well-drained soil with a pH of 5.5–6.8.
- Raised beds with plastic mulch improve growth and yields.
- Temperature Needs:
- Peppers set fruit best in temperatures ranging from 65–85°F.
- Avoid transplanting into cool soils to prevent slow growth.
- Additional Care:
- Protect young plants with row covers, removing them after blossoms appear.
Transplanting Seedlings:
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- Timing: Transplant Hungarian Wax Pepper seedlings outdoors in Pendleton when the soil temperature is consistently above 65°F and nighttime temperatures stay above 55°F. Peppers are highly sensitive to cold, so wait until the risk of frost has passed.
- Preparation: Select a sunny location with well-draining, fertile soil. Amend the soil with compost or organic matter before transplanting to provide the peppers with essential nutrients.
- Spacing: Space seedlings 18-24 inches apart, with rows 24-36 inches apart. This allows ample room for air circulation and growth.
- Planting Depth: Carefully remove seedlings from their pots, keeping the root ball intact. Plant them at the same depth they were growing in their pots. Avoid burying the stem too deeply.
- Watering: Water the seedlings immediately after transplanting to help establish roots. Maintain consistent soil moisture throughout the growing season, ensuring it is moist but not waterlogged.
- Mulching: Apply a 1-2 inch layer of organic mulch around the base of the plants to retain moisture, regulate soil temperature, and suppress weeds.
- Support (Optional): For optimal growth, consider using stakes or cages to support the plants as they grow, especially in areas prone to strong winds.
- Feeding: Apply a balanced fertilizer or compost tea every few weeks to promote healthy growth and fruit production.
Pest & Disease Management
- Common Pests:
- Flea beetles and aphids can be managed with row covers or natural pest control methods.
- Disease Prevention:
- Rotate crops every 3–4 years to minimize disease risks.
Harvest & Storage
- Peppers are at their peak flavor and nutrition when fully ripe, turning red, yellow, purple, or orange.
- Store harvested peppers at 45–55°F with 95% relative humidity for optimal freshness.
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